Article 9 states that "A Contracting State may not deprive any person or group of persons of their nationality on racial, ethnic, religious or political grounds." Beyond Brexit, Citizenship and Human Rights in the Ethiopian Federal Republic. No one shall be arbitrarily deprived of his nationality nor denied the right to change his nationality. [3] This completed the unfinished work of the Refugee Convention three years prior. The 1954 Convention Relating to the Status of Stateless Persons was done in September 1954 (The Status Convention). endstream At the behest of the United Nations Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC) in its 11th Session soon after, that item was given priority. Entry into force 13 December 1975, in accordance with article 18. On 4 December 1954 the UN General Assembly by Resolution[4] adopted both drafts as the basis of its desire for a conference of plenipotentiaries and an eventual Convention. Transfer of territory between states must occur in a manner that avoids the occurrence of statelessness for persons residing in the territory transferred. Box 2500 1211 Geneva 2 Switzerland UNHCR, January 2014 Cover : A Nepalese boy from the marginalised Dalit community rests next to his grandfather. 20 0 obj Uruguay has passed a law approving the 1961 Convention on the Reduction of Statelessness. The Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees was done on 28 July 1951. Note: The Convention was adopted and opened … Call for Papers: The editorial team of the journal Migration Politics welcomes paper proposals for a special author residency programme at the University of Amsterdam. endobj As of September 2018, 75 states have ratified or acceded to the convention. The 1961 Convention on the Reduction of Statelessness is the primary international legal instrument adopted to date to deal with the means of avoiding statelessness. In particular, Article 6 contains a provision of non-discrimination against family members as to the loss of nationality. <>stream It received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1938. (For example, in Australian nationality law, a child born in the country acquires citizenship if any parent is a citizen). The Convention on the Reduction of Statelessness is a 1961 United Nations multilateral treaty whereby sovereign states agree to reduce the incidence of statelessness. The 94 parties are: Albania, Algeria, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Barbados, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Chad, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Croatia, Czech Republic, Den… That period is a maximum five years immediately prior to application and maximum of ten years overall (article 1(2)). 989, p. 175. It will enhance any encyclopedic page you visit with the magic of the WIKI 2 technology. Entry into force 13 December 1975, in accordance with article 18. About Us; Emergencies; What We Do; News and Stories; Governments and Partners; Get Involved To install click the Add extension button. The 1954 Convention Relating to the Status of Stateless Persons was done in September 1954 (The Status Convention). CONVENTION ON THE REDUCTION OF STATELESSNESS New York, 30 August 1961.ENTRY INTO FORCE: 13 December 1975, in accordance with article 18. The 1961 Convention The 1961 Convention aims to prevent statelessness and reduce it over time. stream Would you like Wikipedia to always look as professional and up-to-date? Migrations forced from political instability during World War II and its immediate aftermath highlighted the international dimensions of problems presented by unprecedented volumes of displaced persons including those rendered effectively stateless. Changes to representation of citizens in the Italian Parliament, GLOBALCIT is recruiting two research assistants, Stateless in the time of a Global Pandemic, Dual citizenship in the European Union : trends and analysis (2010-2020), Enfranchising immigrants and/or emigrants? [1], While one case of statelessness was identified in the Protocol relating to a Certain Case of Statelessness at the League of Nations Codification Conference, 1930 in The Hague: "In a State whose nationality is not conferred by the mere fact of birth in its territory, a person born in its territory of a mother possessing the nationality of that State and of a father without nationality or of unknown nationality shall have the nationality of the said State." While one case of statelessness was identified in the Protocol relating to a Certain Case of Statelessness at the League of Nations Codification Conference, 1930 in The Hague: "In a State whose nationality is not conferred by the mere fact of birth in its territory, a person born in its territory of a mother possessing the nationality of that State and of a father without nationality or of unknown nationality shall have the nationality of the said State." Citizenship and Human Rights in the Ethiopian Federal Republic The Convention was originally intended as a Protocol to the Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees, while the 1954 Convention Relating to the Status of Stateless Persons was adopted to cover stateless persons who are not refugees and therefore not within the scope of the Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees. That time is always at least three years from the age of eighteen (article 1(5)). %���� (For example, in Australian nationality law, a child born in the country acquires citizenship if any parent is a citizen). The basic principle is that no deprivation should take place if it will result in statelessness. The 1961 Convention on the Reduction of Statelessness is the primary international legal instrument adopted to date to deal with the means of avoiding statelessness. It requires that states establish safeguards in their nationality laws to prevent statelessness at birth and later in life. Article 11 of the Convention was elaborated for the establishment, within the framework of the United Nations, of a body to which a person claiming the benefit of the Convention may apply for the examination of his/her claim and for the assistance in presenting it to the appropriate authority. [1], While one case of statelessness was identified in the Protocol relating to a Certain Case of Statelessness at the League of Nations Codification Conference, 1930 in The Hague: "In a State whose nationality is not conferred by the mere fact of birth in its territory, a person born in its territory of a mother possessing the nationality of that State and of a father without nationality or of unknown nationality shall have the nationality of the said State." It follows from this provision that treaties shall ensure that statelessness does not occur as a result of transfer of territory. "Stateless birth" on their territory attracts the grant of their nationality (article 1). The Convention on the Reduction of Statelessness is a 1961 United Nations multilateral treaty whereby sovereign states agree to reduce the incidence of statelessness. I use WIKI 2 every day and almost forgot how the original Wikipedia looks like. ���:�JHa�-\X_��4�o��4�.~ �Ov�8 ��� �� Where no treaty is signed, the State shall confer its nationality on those who would otherwise become stateless as a result of the transfer or acquisition of territory. /Info 14 0 R V 4. SSRN Papers, 2020, Tweets by _GlobalCIT The benefit of the Convention may be claimed by guardians on behalf of children (article 1(1)). By UNHCR  |  01 October 2001 A stateless person has some time beyond attaining adulthood to seek to claim the benefit of the Convention. The United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees has been requested, by the United Nations General Assembly, to fulfil this function. Their Nansen passports, designed in 1922 by founder Fridtjof Nansen, were internationally recognized identity cards first issued by the League of Nations to stateless refugees. <> The 1961 Convention on the Reduction of Statelessness is of critical impor-tance today as statelessness persists in some protracted situations and con-tinues to arise in others. k����g�jtv>�\t�P>���2B�]�E�sF�����f�>c�c����w?��0XZ����Of��#�&�i��z�sg[w� ���飜�~�4�E�7��I-���Y��g�8��#�������=��̦�u���Z�Q�ƾK8b)%. The issues of retention of nationality once acquired and transfer of territory are also addressed. x��]�v�6��UY���J �''�w���N�V^h�vؑD���&�=0�H�Hʴ��d�vE$���>W �d�����?R��t>�< �52| 9Gc-=ᙛGp �!|��OB�Jk��S���i���b�z2���1�����6o�e\"OJ����0Ɯ&s�7��j���Q ��p`_L�rTYpPQ��������h46���Ǘ'�on �&Ǔ��h�JJ���(�wr����+)~�' Nk#��h2�ٝ/��L��Hs3@]ln��8�i=#�(��t@*f¢0�c�y>�����.