DNase I is secreted by exocrine glands, and found most abundantly in the pancreas and parotid. It binds actin monomers with very high (sub-nanomolar) affinity and actin polymers with lower affinity. In 1950, Kunitz first crystallized and coined today’s name, deoxyribonuclease. Drugs.com provides accurate and independent information on more than 24,000 prescription drugs, over-the-counter medicines and natural products. Lancet 1993; 342: 199-202. The function of this interaction is unclear. USP dictionary of USAN and international drug names 1998. This gene encodes a member of the DNase family. [5], In genomics, DNase I hypersensitive sites are thought to be characterized by open, accessible chromatin; therefore, a DNase I sensitivity assay is a widely used methodology in genomics for identifying which regions of the genome are likely to contain active genes [10]. Among other functions, seems to be involved in cell death by apoptosis (PubMed:2395459). 1970). It acts on single-stranded DNA, double-stranded DNA, and chromatin. Unlike DNase II which is ubiquitously expressed, expression of this gene product is restricted to the salivary gland and lungs. A preliminary study of aerosolized recombinant human deoxyribonuclease I in the treatment of cystic fibrosis. It acts on single-stranded DNA, double-stranded DNA, and chromatin. However, cleavage at sites that contain C or G at their 3' end is less efficient. Open All Close All. nucleic acid phosphodiester bond hydrolysis, neutrophil activation involved in immune response, regulation of acute inflammatory response, regulation of neutrophil mediated cytotoxicity, GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000213918, GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000005980, "Entrez Gene: DNASE1 deoxyribonuclease I", "Impairment of neutrophil extracellular trap degradation is associated with lupus nephritis", "Recombinant human DNase I reduces the viscosity of cystic fibrosis sputum", "High-resolution mapping and characterization of open chromatin across the genome", "Chromatin Accessibility Data Sets Show Bias Due to Sequence Specificity of the DNase I Enzyme", "Human serum deoxyribonuclease I (DNase I) polymorphism: pattern similarities among isozymes from serum, urine, kidney, liver, and pancreas", "A human urine-derived interleukin 1 inhibitor. Significant improvement in lung function—Within 3 to 8 days {01} {02} {05}. At least six autosomal codominant alleles have been characterized, DNASE1*1 through DNASE1*6, and the sequence of DNASE1*2 represented in this record. This protein is stored in the zymogen granules of the nuclear envelope and functions by cleaving DNA in an endonucleolytic manner. Deoxyribonuclease 2 beta is a protein that in humans is encoded by the DNASE2B gene.. Function. Dornase alfa, a review of its pharmacological properties and therapeutic potential in cystic fibrosis. The primary function of deoxyribonuclease in higher organisms, and a major function in all organisms, is in DNA repair. Efficacy and safety of short-term administration of aerosolized recombinant human deoxyribonuclease in patients with cystic fibrosis. Effects of 12-week administration of dornase alfa in patients with advanced cystic fibrosis lung disease. Can cleave chromatin to nucleosomal units and cleaves nucleosomal and liposome-coated DNA (PubMed:9070308, PubMed:9714828, PubMed:14646506, PubMed:10807908, PubMed:27293190). Am Rev Respir Dis 1993; 148: 145-51. Has DNA hydrolytic activity. found DNase I was present in four isoforms distinguishable by their sialic acid contents (Salnikow et al. Expressed by non-hematopoietic tissues and preferentially cleaves protein-free DNA (By similarity). A preliminary study of aerosolized recombinant human deoxyribonuclease I in the treatment of cystic fibrosis. N Engl J Med 1992; 326: 812-5. Effect of aerosolized recombinant human DNase on exacerbations of respiratory symptoms and on pulmonary function in patients with cystic fibrosis. This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain. To date, three different DNases have been attributed with this function, DNase I, DNase II, and TREX1 (or DNase III). Deoxyribonuclease I is released by osmotic shock and during spheroplast formation (Cordonnier and Bernardi, 1965; Nossal and Heppel, 1966; Obinata and Mizuno, 1968). At least six autosomal codominant alleles have been characterized, DNASE1*1 through DNASE1*6, and the sequence of DNASE1*2 represented in this record. Fuchs HJ, Borowitz DS, Christiansen DH, et al. Deoxyribonuclease (DNase) enzymes perform a variety of important cellular roles by degrading DNA via hydrolysis of its phosphodiester backbone. Consensus conference: practical applications of Pulmozyme. Canada, JR, editor. A deoxyribonuclease (DNase, for short) is an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolytic cleavage of phosphodiester linkages in the DNA backbone, thus degrading DNA. Deoxyribonuclease I (usually called DNase I), is an endonuclease coded by the human gene DNASE1. N Engl J Med 1994; 331: 637-42. The easiest way to lookup drug information, identify pills, check interactions and set up your own personal medication records. Pulmozyme package insert (Genentech—US), Rev 11/96. nucleus, deoxyribonuclease activity, deoxyribonuclease I activity, DNA binding, DNA catabolic process, DNA catabolic process, endonucleolytic NX_Q13609 - DNASE1L3 - Deoxyribonuclease gamma - Function. Soon after, the polypeptide chain structure was elucidated (Salnikow et al. It has been recently reported that DNase I shows some levels of sequence specificity that may depend on experimental conditions. [7][8] A recombinant form of this protein is used to treat one of the symptoms of cystic fibrosis by hydrolyzing the extracellular DNA in sputum and reducing its viscosity. The primary function of deoxyribonuclease in higher organisms, and a major function in all organisms, is in DNA repair. The latter is a well characterized endonuclease that catalyzes DNA hydrolysis in the absence of divalent cations at acidic pH. DNase I is a nuclease that cleaves DNA preferentially at phosphodiester linkages adjacent to a pyrimidine nucleotide, yielding 5'-phosphate-terminated polynucleotides with a free hydroxyl group on position 3', on average producing tetranucleotides. Deoxyribonuclease I (DNase I) enzymes cleave single or double-stranded DNA and require divalent metal ions to hydrolyze DNA yielding 3΄-hydroxyl and 5΄-phosphorylated products. Available for Android and iOS devices. deoxyribonuclease 1. Witt DM, Anderson L. Dornase alfa: a new option in the management of cystic fibrosis. Bovine pancreatic deoxyribonuclease is an endonuclease that preferentially splits phosphodiester linkages adjacent to a pyrimidine nucleotide, yielding 5’-phosphate terminated polynucleotides with a free hydroxyl group at the 3’ position. Product Information: Pulmozyme®, dornase alfa. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000137976, GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000028185, "Genome-wide association study of alcohol dependence implicates a region on chromosome 11", "DNase 2 is the main DNA-degrading enzyme of the stratum corneum", United States National Library of Medicine, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Deoxyribonuclease_2_beta&oldid=883767573, Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the United States National Library of Medicine, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 17 February 2019, at 14:19. Effect of aerosolized recombinant human DNase on exacerbations of respiratory symptoms and on pulmonary function in patients with cystic fibrosis. We comply with the HONcode standard for trustworthy health information -. Deoxyribonuclease is an enzyme that breaks DNA down. [5] However, since actin-bound DNase I is enzymatically inactive, the DNase-actin complex might be a storage form of DNase I that prevents damage of the genetic information. Chest 1996; 110: 889-95. Select one or more newsletters to continue. Is capable of both single- and double-stranded DNA cleavage, producing DNA fragments with 3'-OH ends (By similarity). In the absence of DNase I, degradation of extracellular DNA is heavily reduced resulting in the activation of DNA-sensing immune receptors. Fuchs HJ, Borowitz DS, Christiansen DH, et al. Reduction in respiratory tract infections—Up to several months {08} . Mutations in this gene, as well as factor inactivating its enzyme product, have been associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), an autoimmune disease. N Engl J Med 1992; 326: 812-5. Duration of action: Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been described for this gene.